![]() The temperatures in the inner layers are much higher than the outside layers because of the heat produced by Saturn's interior. The temperature at Saturn's cloud tops is extremely low, at 98 K (-283 ☏, -175 ☌). Auroras are also known to form in Saturn in the mesosphere. The highest layer is made up of hydrogen and helium gases, which extends between 200 km (124 mi) and 270 km (168 mi) above the water cloud tops. The layer above, about 77 km (48 mi) thick, is made up of ammonium hydrosulfide ice, and above that is a layer of ammonia ice clouds 80 km (50 mi) thick. ![]() However scientists do not agree about this. The temperature here is quite low, at 250 K (-10° F, -23° C). Saturn's lowest cloud layer is made up of water ice, and is about 10 km (6 mi) thick. Saturn's clouds are much fainter and the bands are wider at the equator. Saturn's clouds show a banded pattern, like the cloud bands seen on Jupiter. ![]() The north polar hexagonal cloud first found by Voyager 1 and later by Cassini Saturn takes 29.6 Earth years to revolve around the Sun. Some people believe that the rings were caused by a moon impact or other event. These rings are made of ice with smaller amounts of rocks and dust. There is also a very large system of rings around Saturn. The largest moon is Jupiter's moon, Ganymede. Titan is the second-largest moon in the Solar System. The largest moon is Titan, which is larger in volume than the planet Mercury. 53 are officially named and 29 are waiting to be named. Saturn has 82 known moons orbiting the planet. Inside Saturn is probably a core of iron, nickel, silicon and oxygen compounds, surrounded by a deep layer of metallic hydrogen, then a layer of liquid hydrogen and liquid helium and finally, an outer gaseous layer. Saturn's symbol is ♄ which is the symbol of Saturnus' sickle. Saturn was named after the Roman god Saturnus (called Kronos in Greek mythology). The Romans equated him with the Greek agricultural deity Kronos. Saturn is the English transliteration from the Latin word Saturnus, in Roman religion, the god of sowing or seed. Saturn is one of the four gas giant planets, along with Jupiter, Uranus, and Neptune. ![]() It is the second largest planet in the Solar System, after Jupiter. Saturn is the sixth planet from the Sun located in the Solar System. ![]()
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